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1.
Braz. J. Pharm. Sci. (Online) ; 54(2): e17513, 2018. tab, graf, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-951937

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Temozolomide is a poorly soluble anti-cancer drug used in the treatment of some brain cancers. Following literature reports about the enhancement of solubility and stability for these kinds of drugs upon complexation with cyclodextrins, we aimed to form an inclusion complex between temozolomide and the different types of cyclodextrins (CDs) to enhance its solubility. In this study, three different cyclodextrins (ß -CD, hydroxyl-ß-CD and γ-CD) were used, and changes in solubility was measured by UV-Vis Spectroscopy and HPLC. Morphological changes upon complexation were shown by the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and weight loss profiles with respect to temperatures which were unique to the compounds were shown by Thermogravimetric Analysis. Changes in heat release profiles were shown by Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC). Drug solubility was measured to be increased to around 25% for 1:1 molar ratio for all used CD complexations. Changes of morphology, heat release and weight loss profiles are consistent with the formation of an inclusion complex between CDs and temozolomide. In this study, success was shown in the enhancement of temozolomide solubility upon complexation with different types of CDs. It has been demonstrated that cyclodextrins can be used as complexing agents for poorly soluble anti-cancer drugs, increasing their solubility and hence drug availability


Subject(s)
Solubility , Anticarcinogenic Agents/analysis , Cyclodextrins/adverse effects , Pharmaceutical Preparations , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning/methods
2.
São Paulo; s.n; 2015. 114 p. ilus, tab. (BR).
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-867915

ABSTRACT

A alveolite seca (AS) é uma das complicações pós-operatórias mais comuns e sintomáticas na odontologia, porém, até o momento não há um protocolo de tratamento definido. O composto fenólico guaiacol (Gu) é um dos materiais utilizados para revestimento intra-alveolar devido às suas propriedades analgésicas, antioxidantes e antimicrobianas. Contudo, sua desvantagem é a dificuldade de manipulação decorrente da sua baixa estabilidade, alta volatilidade e sensibilidade à oxidação. Para melhorar suas propriedades e aumentar sua aplicabilidade clínica, um complexo de inclusão de Gu com ß-ciclodextrina (ßcd) foi desenvolvido. A formação do complexo supramolecular de Gu:ßcd foi caracterizada mediante a ressonância magnética nuclear (RMN), nos experimentos de 1H e 2D ROESY. A atividade antibacteriana do Gu e Gu:ßcd frente a Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguis e Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans foi analisada pelo método da microdiluição e sua citotoxicidade em osteoblastos de calvária de rato, foi estudado com o ensaio do MTT. O processo de reparo alveolar induzido pelo Gu:ßcd foi avaliado histologicamente após tratamento de alveolite seca em molares inferiores de ratos. A RMN mostrou correlações espaciais entre os hidrogênios internos (H3 e H5) da ßcd e os hidrogênios aromáticos, H(a) e H(b) do Gu, confirmando a formação do complexo. A complexação do Gu na ßcd potencializou seu efeito antibacteriano e reduziu sua citotoxicidade em osteoblastos. O estudo in vivo evidenciou a ocorrência de ossificação no ápice alveolar dos ratos tratados com Gu:ßcd, no 7o dia. No 14o dia, as trabéculas ósseas ocuparam também o terço médio do alvéolo e no 21o dia, todo o alvéolo se encontrava preenchido por osso neoformado. Estes resultados foram similares ao controle negativo e superiores ao controle positivo (Alvogyl®). Os benefícios obtidos pela inclusão do Gu na ßcd foram demonstrados pela melhora das...


Dry socket is one of the most common and symptomatic complications in dentistry, however, there is still not a settled treatment for this condition. The phenolic compound guaiacol (Gu) is one of several alveolar dressings used in dry socket because it has analgesic, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Nevertheless, its disadvantage is the difficulty of manipulation due to its low stability, high volatility and sensitivity to oxidation. To improve its properties and increase its clinical applicability, an inclusion complex of Gu with ß-cyclodextrin (ßcd) was developed. The Gu:ßcd supramolecular complex was characterized by Nuclear Magnetic Ressonance (NMR), in the 1H and 2D ROESY experiments. The antibacterial activity of Gu and Gu:ßcd over Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans was analyzed using the microdilution method and its cytotoxicity in rat calvaria-derived osteoblast was evaluated with the MTT assay. The alveolus repair process induced by Gu:ßcd was histologically studied after the treatment of dry socket in rat mandibular molars. The NMR showed spatial correlations between internal hydrogens (H3 and H5) of ßcd and aromatic hydrogens, H(a) and H(b), of Gu confirming the inclusion complex formation. Gu:ßcd complex potentiated Gu antibacterial effect and reduced its cytotoxicity in osteoblasts. The in vivo study revealed that ossification occurred in the alveolar apex of rats treated with Gu:ßcd, by day 7. In the 14th day, the trabecular bone occupied the apical and middle thirds of the socket and on the 21st day, the entire alveolus was filled by newly formed bone. These results were similar to the negative control and superior to the positive control (AlvogylTM). Benefits gained from inclusion of Gu in cyclodextrin have been particularly demonstrated by the improvement in Gu biological properties in vitro and the appropriate alveolus...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Dry Socket/complications , Dry Socket/diagnosis , Dry Socket/metabolism , Cyclodextrins/analysis , Cyclodextrins/adverse effects , Cyclodextrins/standards , Guaiacol/analysis , Guaiacol/adverse effects
3.
J Indian Med Assoc ; 2002 Oct; 100(10): 619
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-105023

ABSTRACT

An evaluation of clinical efficacy of nizer versus nimesulide tablets was undertaken in 118 patients suffering from otitis media. Nizer demonstrated rapid and powerful analgesic and antipyretic effects compared to plain nimesulide, without additional side effects.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/adverse effects , Child , Cyclodextrins/adverse effects , Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors/adverse effects , Drug Combinations , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Otitis Media/complications , Pain/drug therapy , Sulfonamides/adverse effects , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome , beta-Cyclodextrins
4.
RBM rev. bras. med ; 52(2): 88-97, fev. 1995. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-152159

ABSTRACT

foi realizado um estudo multicentrico aberto e nao comparativo, visando avaliar a eficacia terapeutica e a tolerancia de um potente antiinflamatorio, o complexo B-ciclodextrina piroxicam, no tratamento de patologias ortopedicas e reumaticas.O esquema posologico usado foi de uma capsula de 20 mg ao dia durante sete dias. O estudo foi desnvolvido em 14 centros de pesquisa por cerca de 1.500 medicos, distribuidos por todo o Brasil, envolvendo um total de3729 pacientes. A avaliacao global da eficacia clinica obteve em 93,1 por cento dos casos resultados considerados pelos medicos participantes como excelentes e bons (3472 pacientes). A tolerabilidade global evidenciou resultados excelentes e bons em 93,7 por cento dos casos (3495 pacientes); sendo que houve necessidade de interromper o tratamento em apenas 1,4 por cento dos casos (60 pacientes), devido a intensidade da reacao adversa. A intensidade da dor foi avaliada pelos medicos e pacientes imediatamente antes do tratamento e no 3§ e 7§ dia de tratamento; em ambos os controles a avaliacao estatistica usando o teste "t" de Student ("t" pareado) mostrou uma diminuicao da intensidade da dor altamente significante estatisticamente (p=~O). Diante destes resultados podemos concluir que o complexo B-ciclodextrina piroxicam* e eficaz e seguro como antiinflamatorio, no tratamento das patologias traumaticas e reumatologicas


Subject(s)
Humans , Cyclodextrins/adverse effects , Cyclodextrins/therapeutic use
5.
Alexandria Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 1993; 7 (3): 179-185
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-26928

ABSTRACT

Piroxicam was included into alpha- and beta-cyclodextrins crowns [1: 1 molar ratio] to give solid inclusion complexes. Solubility diagrams of piroxicam and cyclodextrins were presented. Spectroscopic analyses [UV and IR] as well as powder X-ray diffractometry were effective tools for further characterization of complexation. Certain physicochemical properties of these complexes [dissolution rate, permeation through cellophane membrane and apparent partition coefficient between organic and those of aqueous phases] were examined and compared with piroxicam alone. The rate of dissolution of piroxicam was significantly increased by the formation of inclusion complexes. The ulcerogenic activity of the drug was also significantly decreased upon complexation especially with beta- cyclodextrin


Subject(s)
Pharmacology , Cyclodextrins/adverse effects
6.
Folha méd ; 105(2): 93-108, ago. 1990. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-189127

ABSTRACT

Foi realizado um estudo multicêntrico envolvendo 936 médicos e 2.800 pacientes em diversos centros do país. Dois mil setecentos e oitenta e seis pacientes avaliáveis foram subdivididos em grupos para melhor determinaçäo dos parâmetros em estudo. Quanto à eficácia o tratamento foi considerado pelos investigadores e pelos pacientes com ótimo/bom em 92 por cento e 91 por cento dos casos, respectivamente. O tratamento foi bem tolerado; efeitos adversos foram observados em 9 por cento dos casos e a interrupçäo do tratamento foi necessária em 1,7 por cento dos casos. Epigastralgia foi o efeito adverso mais comum, embora com incidência baixa (3 por cento)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Cyclodextrins/adverse effects , Cyclodextrins/analysis , Cyclodextrins/therapeutic use , Drug Therapy, Combination , Multicenter Studies as Topic , Pain/drug therapy , Piroxicam/adverse effects , Piroxicam/therapeutic use , Treatment Outcome
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